Heat waves in rivers

Rivers Are Warming Up and Losing Oxygen - Eos

New data from over 1,000 rivers shows extreme waterway heating events last twice as long as they do atmospherically


New study shows US rivers warming at a record rate

The first in-depth study of river heat waves shows that inland marine heat waves are quickly getting which are worse as the planet heats up

A new 40 year Penn State analysis of nearly 1,500 rivers found that the frequency, intensity and duration of heat waves is increasing in streams, rivers and creeks around the US. Among the more immediate effects is the threat to trout, salmon and other species that are adapted to cooler temperatures. Heat decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen in water. Meanwhile, cold-water species often see their metabolism rise in warmer waters, meaning there’s less oxygen available.

The new analysis was published in the peer-reviewed journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

The authors found that human-caused climate change is the primary driver of the trend, as snowpack dwindles and streams flow more slowly.

Other human factors such as dams and hard surface infrastructure also drive water temperatures higher. 

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Pioneer climate scientist James Hansen has just issued his final warning: climate collapse is far worse and moving far faster than most Americans understand.

Global map climate scenarios summer 2025

THE SUMMER OF 2025 HAS COST EUROPE OVER $50 BILLION IN GLOBAL WARMING DISASTERS

Catastrophic floods in Texas, New York, New Jersey, Korea, Venezuela, China, India, South Africa, Pakistan, West Virginia, Burundi, Congo, Romania | Killer Heat and Wildfires in Balkans, France, Portugal, Spain, Eastern Europe, Turkey, Evacuations in Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Megafire and Fire clouds in Grand Canyon and Utah. More Alpine landslides, Killer Algae onslaught fouling AU coasts, relentless floods in Pakistan displace millions.

Monroe Canyon Fire generating fire clouds

 Events

FLOODS/LANDSLIDES: Pakistan (1300), India (1,300), Texas (135), DR Congo (100), Romania (3), Latvia, New Jersey/NY (2), North Carolina, China, Nepal, Korea, UK, Venezuela, Nigeria, Australia.

A man helps a woman after her car is stranded in waist-deep water. Globally rains are being more extreme due to impacts of climate change.

WILDFIRES (1 million Hectares in Europe): Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Spain, Portugal, California, Romania, France, Turkey, Texas, Malaysia, Brazil, Afghanistan, East Africa, Iran, Gran Chaco. In the western US, “fire clouds” produced mini climates. Read more.

In this photo provided by Lin Chao, 'fire clouds' form near the Bright Angel Trailhead at the South Rim in the Grand Canyon, Ariz., Sunday, July 27, 2025. (Lin Chao via AP)

RECORD HEATWAVES: The summers of 2023, 2024 and 2025 were the three hottest on record. The number of lethal heat waves continues to increase. Climate change likely tripled the number of heat-related deaths in European cities. All time records in Japan. Portugal 115F. 

INVASIVE TOXIC ALGAE (AU): Since March, a deadly 2,000 sq mi invasion of toxic algae has fouled Australia’s southern coast killing tens of thousands of marine animals and creating an unprecedented ecological disaster.

ANOTHER GLACIER “FUNERAL” Nepal’s Yala glacier has shrunk 66% over five decades, causing researchers to movie their base camp. In 2019, a ceremony was held for the OkjökullGlacier in Iceland. Yala has another decade.

RECORD PACIFIC WARM BLOB  The giant pool of record warm ocean water in the north Pacific Ocean is currently showing temperatures averaging 68°F, a  degree warmer than the previous record set 12 years ago. 

LETHAL GLACIAL OUTBURST FLOOD NEPAL: Another GLOF hit the Himalayan country of Nepal, sweeping away hydropower plants, bridges and other critical infrastructure, killing dozens. Also in Afghanistan and Pakistan.  

MASSIVE TOXIC DUST STORM HITS CHICAGO  A near apocalyptic soil and sand storm developed in central Illinois and moved quickly north to choke the Chicago metropolitan area. Visibility dropped to 0 and winds gusted over 60 mph within the worst of the dust storm. More context here.

photo of a massive wall of orange dust clouds moving down an empty road lined with tall streetlights, heading straight toward the camera

Atmospheric Methane 2025 has spike as permafrost thaws and new sources of CH4 are found.

Trends

SEA LEVELS: In addition to melting land ice and ocean volume heat expansion, rapid aquifer depletion also contributes about 20% as most extracted groundwater ends up in the ocean. Read more here.

GLACIAL OUTBURST FLOODS INCREASE GLOBALLY: A GLOF occurs in Alpine regions when a rapidly melting glacier creates a high altitude lake behind a moraine dam. When the dam breaks, everything downstream is swept away. 

EXTENDED DROUGHT:  Arizona, San Carlos Reservoir, Italy, Spain, Australia. Madagascar, southern and eastern Africa, Amazon Basin. Since the beginning of the 21st century, the frequency and intensity of drought events have increased on all continents. Megadrought persists in the US West, with major consequences yet to come.

ANTARCTICA TRANSFORMATION SPEED UP The Southern Pole and environs is undergoing abrupt and alarming changes.

  • Sea ice is shrinking rapidly
  • Floating glaciers known as ice shelves are melting faster
  • Trillions of tons of land based ice sheets are approaching tipping points
  • Vital ocean currents are slowing down.

These changes are suddenly accelerating and amplifying individual effects. 

ANTARCTIC SEAL POPULATION DOWN 50%: Seal population continues precipitous decline as sea ice disappears. Read more.

CO2 RELENTLESS RISE: As the Trumpies prepare to shut down the world’s preeminent atmospheric carbon measurement station at Mauna Loa, the greenhouse gas of record has climbed past 428 PPM. It first crossed 365 in 2002.

OCEAN TEMPERATURE: Global sea surface temperatures have remained at near-record levels in 2025 following a record-shattering jump in 2023 and 2024.

RETREAT OF GLACIERS AND MORE GLOF: Glaciers are collapsing virtually everywhere around the world. Poorly understood is that they provide fresh water for billions of people in Asia and South America. 

DOUBLING OF MAJOR US DUST STORMS Arizona, California, Texas and Kansas have experienced more than 100 dangerous storms in ten years, double the previous count. Bare cropland and rising temperatures are contributing factors. 

The Atlantic Sargassum Belt | Earth.Org

STINKY SARGASSUM BELT NOW STRETCHES 6000 MILES: While Sargassum seaweed plumes are not new, the floating monster now known as Great Atlantic Sargassum Belt (GASB) is. Driven by warming waters and industrial scale ag nutrients, the brown smelly belt stretches from Africa to the Gulf of Mexico.

Climate tipping points

Science

TIPPING POINTS: Irreversible feedback loops virtually assure that we are already well past the point of no return. Review major feedback factors here

1.5°C (2.7F)  “THRESHOLD” IN THE REARVIEW: 2025 will be the second year running global temperatures have exceeded the arbitrary limit beyond which humanity dare not go. 

A graph showing human-caused and observed global warming from 1860 to 2025. Both lines curve sharply upward after 1980.

NEW SOURCE OF SEA LEVEL RISE: In addition to melting land ice and ocean volume heat expansion, the rapid depletion of groundwater also contributes about 20% as most ends up in the ocean. Read more here.

AOMC NOW SLOWING: The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is now weaker than at any other time in the past 1,000 years. The global current moderates temperatures globally and includes the Gulf Stream. 

CLIMATE WHIPLASH IS AUSTRALIA’S FUTURE A new scientific risk assessment affirms that Australia is undergoing extreme climate events more frequently and often simultaneously. Extreme recurring temperatures of up to 123°F (winter highs of 107°F)  trigger fast moving bushfires, followed immediately by catastrophic floods. Coastal sea level rise is already threatening millions.

GLOBAL INCREASE IN DROUGHTS ALSO BRINGS MORE FLOODS. Extended drought hardens and depletes soils, decreasing the ability of the ground to absorb water. When billions of gallons arrive at once, the deluge swallows everything.

AMAZON TIPPING POINT Global warming has moved the Amazon rainforest to a danger threshold in which the region emits more carbon than it absorbs. 

METHANE SPIKE: Atmospheric Methane again reached record-high concentrations. Methane is about 80 times more potent than CO2 over 20 years. Read what happens when the permafrost thaws here.

ICE SHELVES LAST CRITICAL DEFENSE: There is land ice such as that making up most of Antarctica and Greenland, there is sea ice and there are hybrid formations called ice shelves. The latter “hold back” the trillions of tons of ice behind them. They are rapidly falling apart, melting from warming waters below.

HOW RISING TEMPERATURES DRIVE DROUGHT AND EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS : As global temperatures rise, evaporation from land increases, drying plants and soil; simultaneously, water vapor significantly increases in the atmosphere, super charging storms. 

 

2000 sq mi algae bloom devastates South Australia coast 

A near apocalyptic toxic algal bloom has been killing mass quantities of marine life on South Australia’s west coast for six months, with no end in sight even as summer in the southern hemisphere ends. Scientists say that there is little hope of abatement without a change of the conditions that have continued the incursion for six months. The stinky onslaught, lethal for a wide range of marine life, has fouled miles of metropolitan beaches with daily patrols cleaning the carcasses of dead fish and rays.

Researchers say the bloom is caused by an ongoing marine heatwave, a phenomenon likely to become more common with global heating. An additional contributing factor was catastrophic 2023  flooding from the  Murray-Darling Basin which carried massive amounts of that agricultural nutrients that the Karenia mikimotoi organisms. 

“We don’t see it stopping anytime soon.”  coordinator of parks and biodiversity, Tyron Bennett.

 

Toxic algae bloom south Australia

abc.net.au/news/2025-07-...

biodiversitycouncil.org....

35,000 dead marine animals 

Mortality hotspots include broad swathes from Grange to West Beach, as crews routinely collect 100 – 450 lbs of dead fish and other organisms daily. 

 

 

Hundreds of species are dying on a daily basis as volunteers clean up beaches

Sharks, rays, fish, crustaceans, octopuses, leafy sea dragons, and polychaete worms are among the animals fouling the beaches as the algae deprives them of oxygen. Karenia mikimotoi damages marine life by destroying gill structures, suffocating creatures, attacking red blood cells, and inducing neurological harm.

  • Scientists describe it as one of the worst marine die-offs in decades, particularly impacting ecologically and economically vital zones like the Coorong wetland and also surfing and swimming beaches.

 

Pioneer climate scientist tells us climate collapse is far worse and moving far faster than most Americans understand. 

The legendary James Hansen has never been an alarmist. He and other early global warming researchers (including the Exxon studies that got buried) were remarkably accurate; the caveat being that the looming crisis turned out to far more severe (and moving faster) than originally thought. Many long term climate scientists now regret they had not been more aggressive and assertive with their communications. The commentary below can be found at https://www.collapse2050.com/james-hansens-latest-warning/

Hansen’s paper is found here.

James Hansen first warned Congress about global warming in 1988. Pushker Kharecha is a climate scientist and longtime collaborator. They’re not activists waving signs — they’re the people who’ve spent decades knee-deep in the data, building the models, measuring the planet’s fever. And in their latest paper, they’re saying the fever’s far worse than the official diagnosis.

The planet isn’t warming by the “moderate” amount the UN’s climate panel still projects. It’s far more sensitive to carbon pollution — likely about 4.5°C for a doubling of CO₂, not 3°C. That difference sounds small. It’s not. It’s the difference between dangerous and catastrophic. And we’re already seeing the system kick into self-reinforcing overdrive: clouds that once cooled the Earth are thinning, reflecting less sunlight, letting in nearly twice as much extra heat as all the world’s coal plants produce in a year.

For decades, industrial pollution (e.g. sulfur from ships) masked some of this warming by bouncing sunlight back to space. Now we’ve cleaned up the air a bit. The masking effect is vanishing. The heat is roaring through. That’s why temperatures are jumping faster than expected. About 0.3°C per decade now, compared to 0.18°C just a few decades ago.

The Worst-Case Scenario

If Hansen’s numbers are right, here’s the ugly math in plain English:

  • We’re already at about 1.6°C of warming.
  • With current policies, we blow past 2°C in little more than a decade.
  • By late century, we’re staring down 4°C or more — a world where ice sheets collapse, oceans rise by meters, coastal cities are drowned, food systems break under heat and drought, and mass migration isn’t a crisis, it’s the norm.

And remember: 4°C is the global average. Over land, and especially in the interiors of continents, including life-giving breadbaskets, that’s more like 6–8°C. Whole regions become literally unlivable and ungrowable.

This is physics. More heat in the system changes everything, storms, rainfall, agriculture, ecosystems, economies, politics. And with the planet warming faster than models predicted, “later this century” is rapidly becoming “within our lifetimes.”

Bottom Line

The 1.5°C Paris target? “Deader than a doornail,” Hansen says. Even 2°C is wishful thinking without radical action. The worst and most probable case is that we keep going as we are, triggering total collapse.

But the message in plain terms? We are running out of time faster than we think, because the danger was underestimated from the start.

What You Need to Know

  1. Climate sensitivity is far higher than official estimates.
  2. The planet is absorbing far more solar energy than before.
  3. Cloud feedback is a big driver.
  4. Aerosol cooling has been masking more warming than thought.
  5. The 1.5°C target is already impossible.
  6. Warming is accelerating faster than models predicted.
  7. Major climate tipping points could be closer than thought.
  8. The science community may be under-communicating the danger.

If you want the deep dive (numbers, charts, evidence) read their full paper:

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Climate emergencies Summer 2025

Sucking up groundwater and dumping it into the ocean

A new sea level rise factor augments melting ice caps and thermal ocean expansion

Those who have an interest in such matters understand that rapidly melting polar land ice and alpine glaciers is contributing to global see level rise. That is a fairly obvious causal chain. Temperatures increase, ice melts.  Less obvious is global thermal expansion of the oceans as a sea level driver. But the science makes sense: as the oceans continue to warm, the volume of water expands. There is no place else for the water to go than crawling up the continental coasts and swallowing up islands whole in the open ocean. 

The second worst thing that happens when you use up all the water:

When you guzzle up the water stored in Earth’s aquifers and don’t replace it, then you run out of water. As agriculture, mining, industry, data centers and bottled water grifters exploit underground water stores without replacing it, people run out of water to drink. Mostly poor people. The water crisis is now a worldwide emergency, with major cities such as Kabul and Mexico City on the brink.

The other thing that happens is that most of the water taken from underground drains into in the oceans via rivers and waterway, contributing a third source of sea level rise. Recent estimates come in at 1,100 cubic miles of groundwater removed from aquifers since 1900 have ended up in the oceans. 

In California, so much groundwater has been pumped from aquifers in parts of the San Joaquin Valley that the land is sinking, wreaking havoc with infrastructure roads..

The current rate of groundwater depletion around the world in increasing alarmingly. 

Groundwater depletion raises sea leve

Groundwater depletion causes sea level rise

Climate emergencies Summer 2025
Global Climate Emergencies Summer 2025

Catch up on the global map of current climate events Summer 2025

WATER IS AT THE CORE OF THE GLOBAL CLIMATE EMERGENCY

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New fresh water from ice caps changes the salinity of the ocean / slows critical currents

As trillions of tons of land-ice melt and flow into the seas, it is not a mental stretch to understand that the only possible result is for sea levels to rise.* However, there is an equally concerning additional consequence: the slowing of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). 

The AMOC is driven by water salinity and density. When the waters cool in the northern reaches, they sink to the bottom which creates the overturning effect. When huge quantities of fresh water pour into the salt water ocean,  salinity decreases and the power of the conveyor system is diminished. Fresh water is less dense than saltier water.

There are trillions of tons of fresh water ice locked atop the Greenland land mass. When it enters the North Atlantic, it changes the density of the ocean, compromising the engine that drives the global current. Because the Gulf Stream carries warm tropical water to the North Atlantic, it is critical in moderating temperatures in Northern Europe. The slowing of this ocean stream will fundamentally alter the climate of Europe

*  although possibly a challenge for those who believe Noah’s little deluge covered the entire planet.

Ocean Thermal Expansion: In Theory and by a Simple Experiment

 

Thermal expansion: the hidden driver of sea level rise

Thermal expansion is a law of physics that affects all substances. Increase the temperature of solid, liquid or gas and it will expand. This is easily observable with water, including about 350 quintillion gallons in the global ocean. Heat it up, the volume increases. Where is it going to go? About half of the measured global sea level rise on Earth is from warming waters and thermal expansion.

Coastal regions around the world are experiencing shockingly rapid inundation as salt water moves into river deltas and water supplies. Islands in the Pacific and elsewhere are experiencing a slow evacuation as the waters close over once dry land.

The danger of groundwater over-exploitation – Eco-intelligent™

The expected water crisis from Global exploitation of groundwater is here.

The planet’s supply of groundwater is being rapidly depleted much faster than it can be replenished. In general, industrial and commercial interests outrank the human need for drinking water. Kabul (7 million) is running out of water. Tehran (10 million+) is running out of water. Bulgarian cities are already rationing. Mexico City (25 million+) is at the breaking point. Johannesburg (6 million+) has been running dry for a decade.

Some of the most severely affected regions include:

  • India is world’s largest user of groundwater; many aquifers are in “critical” condition as commercial interests deplete aquifers.

  • China  the depletion the North China Plain aquifer threatens crop production

  • Middle East Low rainfall and overuse lead to severe stress in Saudi Arabia and Iran

  • U.S. Ogallala Aquifer, the largest reservoir of fresh water in the world is being depleted rapidly, threatening farming

  • Mexico, Pakistan, Egypt – Also facing long-term groundwater crises

 

Wildfires in US West spur ‘fire clouds’ along with Grand Canyon “mega fire”

Two wildfires burning in the western United States are so hot that they are spurring the formation of “fire clouds” that can create their own erratic weather systems.

In Arizona, a superhot wildfire system has already destroyed the iconic Grand Canyon Lodge is responsible for burning 164 sq miles. It is one of the top ten recorded in Arizona history.  

An emergency was declared in Utah as a megafire near Monroe continued to consume 75 sq miles. Evacuation orders for several towns Utah in the fire’s path, as burned up power lines caused electricity to be shut off in communities in south-central Utah.

Towering convection clouds known as pyrocumulus clouds have been spotted over Arizona’s blaze for seven consecutive days, fueling the fire with dry, powerful winds, fire information officer Lisa Jennings said. They form when air over the fire becomes superheated and rises in a large smoke column. The giant menacing anvil shaped clouds can be seen for hundreds of miles away..

In this photo provided by Lin Chao, 'fire clouds' form near the Bright Angel Trailhead at the South Rim in the Grand Canyon, Ariz., Sunday, July 27, 2025. (Lin Chao via AP)

Pyrocumulonimbus: Fire Cloud

Fire-fueled thunderstorms known as pyrocumulonimbus clouds are sending intense winds shooting in all directions this week as smoke columns form and then collapse on themselves. 

a fire burns in the grand canyon

A megafire along the North Rim of the Grand Canyon

The US is woefully underprepared for wildfire season in spite of the bullshit spewed by the Trump administration. Twenty-five percent of the force has been fired.

Monroe Canyon Fire generating fire clouds

Monroe Canyon, Utah generating fire clouds

The Monroe Canyon Fire burning near Richfield in Sevier County continues to grow amid high winds and high temperatures.

 

More heat, more water vapor drive extreme weather world wide

The essential conditions for this decade’s violent storms to form are moisture and atmospheric instability. Those are the conditions we are now experiencing on a planet wide basis, accounting for a crazy uptick in devastating storms. 

First, in order for a storm to develop, the air needs to contain enough moisture. That moisture comes from water evaporating off oceans, lakes and land, and from trees and other plants.

The amount of moisture the air can hold depends on its temperature. The higher the temperature, the more moisture air can hold, and the greater potential for heavy downpours. This is because at higher temperatures water molecules have more kinetic energy and therefore are more likely to exist in the vapor phase. The maximum amount of moisture possible in the air increases at about 7% per degree Celsius.

Texas tragedy one for the record books

Texas Hill Country was beset by death and disaster Friday as at least 70 people were killed and about 20 girls attending a summer camp were reported missing after months worth of heavy rain fell in a matter of hours, leaving search teams to conduct boat and helicopter rescues in the fast-moving water.

Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick said somewhere between 6 and 10 bodies had been found so far in the frantic search for victims. Meanwhile, during a news conference conducted at the same time as Patrick’s update, Kerr County Sheriff Larry Leitha reported that there were 13 deaths from the flooding.

At least 10 inches (25 centimeters) of rain poured down overnight in central Kerr County, causing flash flooding of the Guadalupe River and leading to desperate pleas for information about the missing.

 

Moscow rain and heatMoscow deluge

A record-breaking 3.6 inches of rain fell on Moscow, during the night of July 21, 2025, flooding roads, metro stations, and underpasses, and causing widespread transport disruptions.

The extreme storms follow an extended period of record heat, and will likewise be followed by more record heat, with temps expected in the mid-nineties F.

Emergency floods shock New York and New Jersey

New Jersey Gov. Murphy declared a state of emergency covering all counties after severe storms crashed through the area, killing at least two. 

In northern New Jersey, between 3 and 6.5 inches of rain fell, with continued flood impacts expected on July 15, the National Weather Service in Mount Holly said.

Smith Island disappearing as seas rise

 

Record floods as South Korea hits 100 °F

A lethal pattern of extreme heat, high humidity and record downpours is continuing in South Korea and expected to last the summer. 

In mid July, areas of South Gyeongsang Province saw  accumulated rainfall over the five days at 32.5 inches. The aftermath of the storms have raised humidity levels to dangerous levels, producing heat indexes of over 100 °F.   The record breaking rainfalls caused flood and landslides, killing dozens of people.   

“With the seas surrounding Korea heating up, the atmosphere is increasingly saturated with moisture. The necessary conditions for intense weather events like this are being met every year.” – Prof Kim Kim Baek-min,  Pukyong National University’s Division of Earth and Environmental System Sciences.

Heat driven rains overwhelm UK sewage systems

This is a single example of what kind of nasty weather events are coming for most places that smugly think they are immune from the effects of global warming: Hundreds of sewage spills were recorded across England this as torrential rain overwhelmed water companies’ infrastructure.

Popular tourist spots from Northumberland to Cornwall were polluted with raw waste, as water companies were forced to discharge sewage through ‘storm overflows’. 

The causal chain is the usual: Rapid increase in atmospheric water vapor provides more energy for extreme storms combined with short sighted infrastructure decisions and privatization of public water systems.

Rising flood risks threaten water, sewage treatment plants

 

Floods devastate Venezuela

Epic floods devastate Venezuelan towns

Tropical Wave 9 interacting with the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) brought intense rainfall to Venezuela on June 24, resulting in severe floods, landslides, and river overflows across multiple states.

According to the Venezuelan Civil Protection and the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC), over 4 700 people were affected, either displaced, evacuated, or in need of urgent assistance.

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Romania smashed by flash floods, killing three

Flash floods triggered by torrential rains have displaced hundreds, left dozens stranded and killed a 66-year-old man in Romania. as July ends. Record torrential rainstorms triggering flash floods in the country’s northeast and killing at least three people, officials said.

Hundreds were forced to leave their homes as Romania’s rescue services deployed in the hard-hit counties of Neamt and Suceava. Helicopters and firefighters rescued residents, some of whom were trapped in their homes by floodwaters. Authorities said that 890 people were evacuated.

In this image released by the Romanian Emergency Services Suceava (ISU Suceava) a house is damaged after a flash flood in the village of Brosteni, northern Romania, Monday, July 28, 2025. (Romanian Emergency Services - ISU Suceava via AP)

Trump making climate science reporting disappear

Three current stories that are clearly part of the same story:

  • Methane detention satellite disappears mysteriously
  • National Severe Weather Labs to be shut down
  • Mona Loa CO2 monitoring station to be shut down.

MISSING SATELLITE: The MethaneSAT satellite was launched in March 2025 and began monitoring methane emissions from human activities with unprecedented accuracy. Operators have suddenly lost contact with no explanation so far.  MethaneSAT was able to pinpoint CH4 sources with unprecedented accuracy, especially oil and gas wells, pipelines, and storage facilities. Who can we think of that might want to make this satellite get lost in space? And has the power and money to do it? Methane is far more powerful than CO₂ as a greenhouse gas and its levels are increasing precipitously.

GUTTING  NATIONAL SEVERE STORMS LABORATORIES In the wake of the catastrophic, lethal Texas floods, the Trump administration remains committed to shutting down the nation’s network of Severe Storms Laboratories. These facilities are credited with saving countless lives by developing better prediction and warning capabilities. 

ICONIC CO2 MONITORING STATION WILL BE TRUMPED Mauna Loa has been collecting data on CO₂ emission for more than 65 years, producing the Keeling curve graph, the most dramatic and iconic demonstration of how human activities are collectively affecting the planet.

When it was established in the 1950’s  CO₂ levels were around 320 parts per million. Now they’re over 420 ppm. That’s a level unseen for at least three million years: the rate of increase far exceeds any natural change in the past 50 million years. Is this something we should know?

Mona Loa CO2 station to close

shutting down severe weather labs

 

2,300 people died in Europe’s June’s heat wave

 

A massive, relentless high-pressure system trapped scorching air from North Africa over Europe, bringing at least one more week of debilitating  heat. The atmospheric condition has resulted in sustained extreme heat, with daytime highs over 40 °C (104 °F) in many regions and unusually warm.

 

  • France:  two deaths , 300 hospitalized
  • Italy: red alerts in 18 cities; two men dead on beach
  • Swiss reactor shut down due to high river-water temperatures
  • Spain: Four dead in Spain, two of them in wildfire
  • Turkey: 50,000 evacuated as wildfires spread. 
  • Crete: 1,000 evacuated ahead of wildfires

Highest June temperature ever recorded in Portugal: 115°F: June 29, 2025  in Mora

Record-breaking temperatures
June was among the hottest ever recorded across Europe. Cities from the Arctic Circle to the Mediterranean saw readings typical of mid-summer — reaching 115 °F in southern Spain and Portugal and across the Straits of Gibraltar , frying Ben Guerir, Morocco a record smashing  117 °F reading. Southern and central Europe will continue to bake with no real cooling trend expected through early to mid-July .

Eiffel Tower Closed As Paris Temps Hit 102°F

Fatalities & severe health challenges
At least 8 heat-related deaths have been reported in Spain, France, Italy, and the UK, with emergency rooms seeing significant increases in heat-stress cases. In Sardinia alone, hospital traffic spiked up to 20% above average.

Wildfires and environmental damage
Heat has sparked major wildfires in Catalonia, Crete, Turkey, Greece, and other regions. The conflagrations have led to evacuations and serious damage to agriculture and infrastructure. Crete saw over 1,000 people evacuated, and Italy, Portugal, and France face heightened wildfire danger.

Economic disruption
Heatwaves could shave as much as 0.5 percentage points off Europe’s GDP in 2025 — up to 1.4 % in heat-stressed countries like Spain. Productivity losses are comparable to half-days of strikes.

Eiffel Tower's Top Floor Closed Through Wednesday Due to Heatwave

Europe is now the fastest warming continent: Scientists are clear: global warming is making Europe’s heatwaves more frequent, more intense, and longer. June heatwave events are now around ten times more likely than in pre-industrial times, and heatwaves are approximately 2–2.5 °C hotter.
Europe is now the fastest warming continent: Scientists are clear: global warming is making Europe’s heatwaves more frequent, more intense, and longer. June heatwave events are now around ten times more likely than in pre-industrial times, and heatwaves are approximately 2–2.5 °C hotter.
Monster wildfire over Torrefeta i Florejacs, Spain
Monster wildfire over Torrefeta i Florejacs, Spain
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Apocalyptic Gujarat rainfall event dumps 13 inches in a day, killing dozens

Rushing currents dragged Indians downstream to their death as record rainfall across Saurashtra caused led to widespread flooding. The tragedy unfolded amid widespread weather-related disruption across Gujarat. On Tuesday alone, eighteen people lost their lives in various rain-linked incidents across the state

As the 2025 monsoon continues, the effects of global warming are increasingly obvious each year. July opens with alerts for very heavy rainfall in multiple regions, including northwest, central, east, northeast and southern India. Key states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, UP and Kerala are likely to see intense rainfall between 27 Jun and 3 Jul.

 

Torrential rains battered South and Central Gujarat since early morning, leaving streets waterlogged and chaos unfolding across cities.

 

Gujarat flood: Nine people travelling in a car were swept away in Botad amid heavy rains with the NDRF recovering 4 bodies while search was underway for three missing persons